Over the past decade, state legislatures have passed hundreds of medically unjustified restrictions on family planning and abortion care. Pursuit of these government mandates continues to intensify, including an alarming trend of proposals seeking to criminalize physicians. Such policies—including telemedicine bans, medication abortion restrictions, Targeted Regulation of Abortion Providers (TRAP) laws, waiting periods, stipulations for multiple visits, and mandated scripts for counseling—stand in contrast to the clinical evidence on abortion, interfere with the physician-patient relationship and reproductive autonomy, create unnecessary and dangerous barriers to accessing care, and obstruct evidence-based medical training and practice. In the face of legislative interference with medical practice, obstetrician-gynecologist (OB/GYN) physicians and professional societies play a critical role in ensuring implementation of evidence-based family planning policies and challenging dangerous bills and state laws. At the individual level such advocacy takes many forms, including legislative testimony, service as a plaintiff or expert witness in a legal challenge, expertise to policy makers, media engagement, and institutional advocacy to expand training and service provision. At the organizational level, professional societies inform family planning policy by issuing position statements supporting family planning and abortion care, participating in amicus briefs in lawsuits, and supporting the advocacy and policy engagement of their members.