Over the past decade, state legislatures have passed hundreds of medically unjustified restrictions on family planning and abortion care. Pursuit of these government mandates continues to intensify, including an alarming trend of proposals seeking to criminalize physicians. Such policies—including telemedicine bans, medication abortion restrictions, Targeted Regulation of Abortion Providers (TRAP) laws, waiting periods, stipulations for multiple visits, and mandated scripts for counseling—stand in contrast to the clinical evidence on abortion, interfere with the physician-patient relationship and reproductive autonomy, create unnecessary and dangerous barriers to accessing care, and obstruct evidence-based medical training and practice. This overview includes introduction to these policies and the science behind their impacts.